![]() Shibboleth / Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.Ĭhoose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. ![]() Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways: War Armed conflict between nations, invasion, act of foreign enemy, civil war, or taking power by organised military force.Īrmed conflict, crime, terrorism, persecution, corruption, impunity and the erosion of the rule of law are daily realities.Get help with access Institutional accessĪccess to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. The content of IHL is divided into two categories: International Armed Conflict (IAC) and Non- International Armed conflict (NIAC).The provisions of IHL could be useful to enhance the criminal accountability of peacekeepers. Armed conflict may take a variety of forms, such as a conflict of international or non-international character, which may involve two or more states, or may consist of wars of liberation, or insurgencies, civil wars, etc.Īrmed conflict may take a variety of forms, such as a conflict of international or non- international character, which may involve two or more states, or may consist of wars of liberation, or insurgencies, civil wars, etc.
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